| ACCHO | Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation |
| AMSANT | Aboriginal Medical Services Alliance Northern Territory |
| ASHM | Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine |
| ATLL | Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma |
| Breastfeeding | Also referred to as chest feeding or nursing |
| CAAC | Central Australian Aboriginal Congress |
| CMF | Commercial Milk Formula |
| Exclusive breastfeeding | When a baby receives only breast milk, with no other liquids or foods, except for vitamins, minerals and medications. This includes expressed milk or donor milk |
| HAM/TSP | HTLV-1-associated Acute Myelopathy / Tropical Spastic Paraparesis |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| HTLV-1 | Human T-lymphotropic virus Type 1 |
| HAU | HTLV-1-associated uveitis |
| Mother or maternal | A person born with a vagina/uterus/cervix |
| NACCHO | National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation |
| NATSIHP | National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Protection sub-committee |
| PCR | Polymerase chain reaction, a type of test to identify different infections |
| PVL | Pro-viral load, a measure of the amount of virus circulating in the blood |
| STI | Sexually transmissible infection |
| Vertical transmission | The passing of an infection from a pregnant person to their infant during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding |
| WHO | World Health Organisation |
